Synthesis, Characterization and Nematicidal Properties of Triphenyltin (IV) Derivatives of Butanedioic Acid and Hexandioic Acid

Two triphenyltin (IV) derivatives of butanedioic and hexanedioic acids with potassium (K) metal and two ligands were synthesized by reacting KOH separately with butanedioic acid and hexanedioic acid to give the ligands: L1 (HCOO(CH2)2COOK) and L2 (HCOO(CH2)4COOK) followed by grinding each ligand with triphenyltin (IV) hydroxide (Ph3SnOH) in an agate mortar with a pestle. The purity of the complexes was checked by melting point determination. Characterization of the complexes was done using Fourier Transformed Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, solubility and nematicidal activity against the nematode Meloidogyne javanica was also investigated. Results revealed percentage yield of the compounds in the range 80.38 – 98.44 % and melting points (209.70 – 240.20 0C) indicate pure and fairly stable ligands and complexes. Both ligands and complexes were soluble in distilled water and ethanol indicating their fair polarity. FTIR data revealed complexation of the metals K and Sn with the ligands reflected by the Ѵasym(COO) and Ѵsym(COO) vibrational frequency shifts: L1 (1637.4- 1409.9 cm-1), L2 (1650.0-1403.7 cm-1), (1) (1578.0-1427.7 cm-1) and (2) (1642.0-1476.7 cm-1). The modes of coordination were found to be bidendate in the complexes and monodentate in the ligands. The nematicidal studies result showed the highest mortality rate was exhibited by complex (1) and its ligand, L1: 95.8 and 90.0 % respectively. The order of activity is thus: (1) > L1 > (2) > L2. This property increased with increase in concentration and contact time. These compounds are promising as nematicidal agents in the control and management of nematodes on the field thereby improving food security